It is an optical illusion of motion due to the phenomenon of persistence of vision, and can be created and demonstrated in many ways. The most common method of presenting animation is as a motion picture or video program, although several other forms of presenting animation also exist.

These six frames will make a ball animation when they are play repeatedly.
Traditional animation (hand-drawn animation) was the process used for most animated films of the 20th century. The individual frames of an animated film are photographs of drawings, which are first drawn on paper. To create the illusion of movement, each drawing differs slightly from the one before it, but not too much as it will not look right. The animators' drawings are traced or photocopied onto transparent acetate sheets called cels, which are filled in with paints in assigned colors on the side opposite the line drawings. The completed character cels are
photographed one-by-one onto motion picture film against a painted background by a rostrum camera.
I researched this on Wikipedia. Here is the link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animation
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